The main market demand of watt-hour meter and power information acquisition system in China comes from power system users such as national power grid and Southern Power grid. Power system users mainly purchase watt-hour meter products through bidding. According to the requirements of power system users on product functions, performance and other aspects, watt-hour meter manufacturers make bids, and adopt the order mode to organize production after winning the bidding. For centralized bidding, the State Grid will issue information according to the project and put forward specific requirements for the qualifications of bidders, generally including funds, certificates issued by state authoritative organs, effective test reports issued by state authoritative testing institutions and corresponding bidding products, and effective production and manufacturing licenses for measuring instruments corresponding to bidding products. The proportion of R & D personnel, R & D capability, production capacity, sales volume and so on. The main tenders are the State Grid, the South Network and its subordinate provincial Power Grid Corp and local Power Grid Corp. Power grid companies entrust bidding agencies to organize bidding work, the basic process is as follows: bidding agencies issue bidding announcements; qualified enterprises purchase bidding documents from bidding agencies; and according to the requirements of bidding documents to prepare bidding documents, after the completion of the production, according to the stipulated time requirements to the bidding agent. The organization submits the tender documents, determines the list of successful bidders after the evaluation of the tender, and signs the product sales contracts with the local electric power companies affiliated to the State Grid according to the successful bidding notices, and organizes production and delivery according to the contract stipulations.

(1) using advanced measurement architecture.

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is an automatic two-way flow architecture between smart meters with IP addresses and power companies. The Advanced Meter Architecture is designed to provide real-time energy consumption data for power companies and allow customers to make reasonable choices about energy use based on price when using it. Advanced measurement architecture is considered an important part of smart grid planning. The two leading emerging technologies are RF technology and power line carrier technology (PLC). RF technology uses low-power, low-cost wireless systems to transmit meter information, while PLC uses the power line itself to transmit.

The intelligent ammeter under AMI, which surpasses the traditional ammeter's single energy metering function, actually becomes the system sensor and measurement point distributed on the network. The communication network of AMI system can further support advanced applications such as distribution automation and substation automation. At the same time, AMI also provides reliable basis and support for system operation and asset management.

Through two-way communication, AMI connects power companies and users closely. It not only enables users to participate directly in the real-time power market, but also promotes the cooperation and interaction between power companies and users. With flexible pricing strategy, customers can be encouraged to participate in demand side response according to the power market situation. The bi-directional metering function of smart meters also makes it easier for users to have distributed generators interconnected with the grid. AMI is the first step to build a smart grid. It is necessary to implement AMI to realize the future smart grid general communication system and information system.

(2) modularization

The smart meter has the following advantages: firstly, it can be upgraded and replaced by replacing some functional modules without replacing the entire meter, which can get rid of the defects of batch replacement, elimination and system reconfiguration caused by the immutability of traditional meter design; secondly, it can be replaced by replacing some functional modules. Modularization and structural standardization have changed the power companies'over-reliance on a certain meter manufacturer's products, and made it possible to standardize the development of meter. Third, fault modules can be replaced by on-site or remote upgrades to improve maintainability and save maintenance costs.

(3) networking

The network can realize the real-time sampling and storage of the electric energy data, and transmit the information to the electric power information management system in real-time or non-real-time through wired or wireless networks. The real-time or non-real-time measurement and monitoring of the electric power information in different places can be realized by the power supply and power management departments through data sharing and analysis. Through the network, some functions of smart meters can be moved from the access layer to the network layer and the data management platform layer. The functions of smart meters can be realized through data sharing and comprehensive analysis, and the design of smart meters can be simplified. At present, available communication networks are: power line carrier (PLC) network, optical fiber and coaxial cable (HFC) network, fixed telephone (PSTN) network, wireless mobile (GSM / GPRS / CDMA) network. For example, the power fiber optic household entry project is technically implemented in a single construction, a channel, a one-time solution to the problem of cable household entry, can replace the previous wires, network lines, telephone lines and cable television and other lines of multiple construction, to achieve resource sharing, for the transmission of power information data to provide a stable and reliable price. Low data transmission channel and network.

(4) systematization

Systematization refers to the comprehensive use of sophisticated computer technology and power system automation technology, in the data control and management platform to achieve the effective analysis, processing and management of massive power consumption data. Promoted by networking and systematization, the power information management system can be developed towards the direction of distribution and openness, making the expansion of power information management function more flexible, continuous improvement in performance, and more convenient to use.

3, the cyclical, seasonal and regional characteristics of the industry

(1) periodicity

With the change and development of social life style, the progress of science and technology, especially people's attention to energy and environmental protection, the rapid implementation of building a strong smart grid, the government is strong